[The Impossibility of Multiple Gods]
This question often arises in minds: if there is one God, then why can't there be more? Isn't it possible for two or three gods to run this universe together?
Let's analyze this with rational and textual arguments...
First question: What would happen if there were two gods?
Answer, with the help of the King, the Bestower:
RATIONAL ARGUMENT
(1) If there were two gods, they would either be equally powerful, or one would be weaker than the other. There is no escape from these two scenarios.
If both were equally powerful, there would definitely be conflict in the universe. For example, one would want day and the other would want night. One would want a person to be killed and the other would want them to be kept alive. The result? The universe would be destroyed...
This is stated in the Quran in very clear words, saying (If there were in them [i.e., the heavens and earth] gods besides Allah, both would have been ruined...
If one were powerful and the other weak, then the weak god would not be God but would become helpless. And the helpless cannot be called God...
(2) If there were many gods, the order and discipline of this universe would not be maintained...
Second question: Can all the gods run the system together?
Answer, with the grace of the King, the Bestower:
This is also impossible,
Because if they all run it by being dependent on each other, then they will not remain the true God, because God is the One who is independent, who is not dependent on anyone, and if they agree on one thing, then in that case, the other gods will have to imitate, and the one who imitates cannot be God. It is known that this is also not possible, and if it is said that everyone's will is the same and they agree on one thing, then it is rationally proven that that thing will first originate from some god, and the god from whom it originates, then the rest of the gods will agree with his words or forbid them. If they forbid, the system will be disrupted, which has not happened yet, and if they agree, then it will be necessary for the other god to be dependent, because he is not doing it himself but is imitating the other god, and it is clearer than the sun that God cannot be dependent,
And if it is further said that one has dominance over the rest, then the one who is dominant will be the real God, and the rest will be dismissed and helpless, and God cannot be helpless....
Textual Arguments
Argument from the Holy Quran: Allah Almighty says:
(If there were within the heavens and earth gods besides Allah, they both would be ruined. [21:22])
If there were gods other than Allah in the earth and the heavens, the system of both would have been disrupted...
That is, this universe, which is so organized and balanced, its existence is the biggest proof that there is only one God.
Second verse: Allah has not taken any son, nor has there ever been with Him any deity. [If there had been], then each deity would have taken away what it created, and some would have sought to overcome others.
(Al-Mu'minun: 91)
Allah has not taken any son, nor is there any other deity with Him, otherwise every deity would have taken away what it created and some would have sought to overcome others, and there would have been conflict, then it was possible that the system of the world would have been disrupted, so it is known that there is only one God.
Third question: Does reason also accept the Oneness of God?
Yes, reason demands that there should be only one center of authority in this universe.
Just as if there are two kings in a country, there will be civil war there.
If there are two commanders in an army, the army will be scattered...
If two brains give orders in one body, the body becomes paralyzed.
Then how can such a large universe be run by two gods?
Conclusion: Reason, science, and the Quran all point to the same truth:
Allah is One, Unique, Independent, He has no partner.
As it is said in Surah Al-Ikhlas:
Say, "He is Allah, [who is] One, Allah, the Eternal Refuge. He neither begets nor is born, Nor is there to Him any equivalent."...
✍️ Student of Al-Jamia Al-Ashrafia ✍️