City of Nawabs, Hyderabad

City of Nawabs, Hyderabad.
By Muhammad Amirul Islam 
Hyderabad is the capital of the entire state of Telangana. Telangana is the 29th state of the country. It was established on June 2, 2014. The city was founded by Sultan Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah in 1590 AD. Its Chief Al-Khabir was Mir Momin Ali Astrabadi. It was built on the banks of the Sharmuee River. Nowadays, this river passes through the middle of the city. The area of the city is 217 square kilometers. This city has been the capital from its time till today. You know about the history of your city and the worth-seeing places here. The Yemeni government (which was also founded by Hasan Shah) ruled from 1347 AD to 1510 AD. After its decline, independent Muslim governments were established in Deccan. (1) Barid Shahi government whose capital was Bidar. 2) Imad Shahi government whose capital was Berar. (3) Nizam Shahi government whose capital was Ahmednagar. (4) Adil Shahi government whose capital was Bijapur. (5) Qutb Shahi government whose capital was Golconda. Among these, the most powerful was the Qutb Shahi government, which extended to coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema and lasted for about 170 years. Seven kings of this government became famous. (1) Sultan Quli Qutb Shah, the founder of the Qutb Shahi government, belonged to the Turkman tribe of Hamadan. He gained influence during the Bahmani period and was appointed governor of Golconda. With the decline of the Bhatti period, he declared his independence. He ruled for 25 years from 1518 AD to 1543 AD. During his reign, he rebuilt the Golconda Fort. The name of Sultan Qutb Shah is engraved on the gate of the fort. Bala Hisar and the Jama Masjid of the fort are reminders of his era. Sultan Qutb Shah remained the governor of Golconda for 23 years. And after spending 25 years as the founder and first sign of the Qutb Shahi Sultanate, he was killed. When he entered 90 years of age, Mir Mahmood Hamdani, the fort commander, killed Sultan's son Jamshed Quli (2) Jamshed Quli Qutb Shah. He ruled for the years from 1543 AD to 1550 AD. (3) Ibrahim Quli Qutb Shah He ruled for 30 years until 1580. He was an expert in Telugu language and a contemporary of Mughal Emperor Akbar. Many civilizations and cultures started in his era and he planned a new city. Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah, the first Sahib Diwan poet of Urdu, ruled for about 32 years until 1612 AD. He built a new city outside Golconda in the southeast and named it Hyderabad after Hazrat Ali's Haider Karar. In the middle of which he built a historical building like Charminar. (5) Muhammad Qutb Shahi was the nephew and son-in-law of Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah. He ruled for about 14 years until 1626 AD. Mecca Masjid is his memorial. (6) Abdullah Qutb Shah was the son of Sultan Muhammad Qutb Shah. Who ruled for about 42 years until 1672 AD. (7) Abul Hasan Tana Shah was the son-in-law of Abdullah Qutb Shah. He ruled for about 14 years until 1686 AD. In 16878 AD, Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb Alamgir besieged Golconda. After 8 months of patient battle, the Qutb Shahi government was finally overthrown. Tana Shah was arrested. And Daulatabad was disturbed. Where he died after being imprisoned for about 14 years. His shrine is in Khuldabad. The Qutb Shahi rulers were of Iranian descent and followers of the Shia Ithna Ashari religion. According to Murqa-e-Usmani, this city was named Hyderabad after the famous title of Hazrat Ali, Haider Karar. (History of Hyderabad City 2). Although they made good educational and cultural progress during their reign, they also promoted Shia customs and traditions. Muharram's Ashura is all his religion. There was peace and harmony and Hindu-Muslim unity in that era. The world-famous Koh-i-Noor diamond was discovered in 1650 AD during the reign of Sultan Abdullah Qutb Shah in the Kolur mine. After the end of the Qutb Shahi government, it went to the Mughal treasury. Passing through the hands of many rulers in different eras, finally Lord Lawrence presented this rare diamond to Queen Victoria in 1850 AD. Even today, this diamond adorns the British royal crown. Charminar is an important achievement of Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah, the construction of the city of Hyderabad. In the very middle of which is the first magnificent building, Charminar. Which was completed in 1595 AD. There are four highways on all four sides of it. Magnificent arches have been built on all four sides of the base chair. Which faces east, west, north and south. And on the four corners of these arches are four tall minarets, the height of which is 160 feet. To go to its last floor, one has to cover a total of 146 steps. This building is built on a square (square) platform about 60 feet wide. On the first floor, there are seven arches in each direction and the height of each arch is 9 feet. Is the second identity of the building.
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